Тексти для перекладу навчальної перекладацької практики з курсу Іноземна мова
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Тексти для перекладу у трьох категоріях: 1. Public and political translation || Громадсько-політичний переклад. 2. Scientific and technical translation || Науково-технічний переклад. 3. Business translation || Переклад ділового писемного мовлення. N.B. Номер Вашого тексту у кожній категорії відповідає Вашому номеру у списку студентів-практикантів. Три категорії – три тексти для кожного студента у списку.
1. Public and political translation || Громадсько-політичний переклад Text 1. Citizens have the right to social protection that includes the right to provision in cases of complete, partial or temporary disability, the loss of the principal wage-earner, unemployment due to circumstances beyond their control and also in old age, and in other cases established by law. This right is guaranteed by general mandatory state social insurance on account of the insurance payments of citizens, enterprises, institutions and organisations, and also from budgetary and other sources of social security; by the establishment of a network of state, communal and private institutions to care for persons incapable of work. Pensions and other types of social payments and assistance that are the principal sources of subsistence, shall ensure a standard of living not lower than the minimum living standard established by law. Text 2. Citizens have the right to take part in trade unions with the purpose of protecting their labour and socio-economic rights and interests. Trade unions are public organisations that unite citizens bound by common interests that accord with the nature of their professional activity. Trade unions are formed without prior permission on the basis of the free choice of their members. All trade unions have equal rights. Restrictions on membership in trade unions are established exclusively by this Constitution and the laws of Ukraine. No one may be forced to join any association of citizens or be restricted in his or her rights for belonging or not belonging to political parties or public organisations. All associations of citizens are equal before the law. Text 3. Citizens of Ukraine have the right to freedom of association in political parties and public organisations for the exercise and protection of their rights and freedoms and for the satisfaction of their political, economic, social, cultural and other interests, with the exception of restrictions established by law in the interests of national security and public order, the protection of the health of the population or the protection of rights and freedoms of other persons. Political parties in Ukraine promote the formation and expression of the political will of citizens, and participate in elections. Only citizens of Ukraine may be members of political parties. Restrictions on membership in political parties are established exclusively by this Constitution and the laws of Ukraine. Text 4. Everyone convicted of a crime shall have the right to his conviction and sentence being reviewed by a higher tribunal according to law. When a person has by a final decision been convicted of a criminal offence and when subsequently his conviction has been reversed or he has been pardoned on the ground that a new or newly discovered fact shows conclusively that there has been a miscarriage of justice, the person who has suffered punishment as a result of such conviction shall be compensated according to law, unless it is proved that the non-disclosure of the unknown fact in time is wholly or partly attributable to him. No one shall be liable to be tried or punished again for an offence for which he has already been finally convicted or acquitted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of each country. Text 5. Everyone has the right to entrepreneurial activity that is not prohibited by law. The entrepreneurial activity of deputies, officials and officers of bodies of state power and of bodies of local self-government is restricted by law. The State ensures the protection of competition in entrepreneurial activity. The abuse of a monopolistic position in the market, the unlawful restriction of competition, and unfair competition, shall not be permitted. The types and limits of monopolies are determined by law. The State protects the rights of consumers, exercises control over the quality and safety of products and of all types of services and work, and promotes the activity of public consumer associations. Text 6. Human and citizens’ rights and freedoms are protected by the court. Everyone is guaranteed the right to challenge in court the decisions, actions or omission of bodies of state power, bodies of local self-government, officials and officers. Everyone has the right to appeal for the protection of his or her rights to the Authorised Human Rights Representative of the Verkhovna Rada of UkraineAfter exhausting all domestic legal remedies, everyone has the right to appeal for the protection of his or her rights and freedoms to the relevant international judicial institutions or to the relevant bodies of international organisations of which Ukraine is a member or participant. Everyone has the right to protect his or her rights and freedoms from violations and illegal encroachments by any means not prohibited by law. Text 7. States Parties shall respect the right of the child who is separated from one or both parents to maintain personal relations and direct contact with both parents on a regular basis, except if it is contrary to the child’s best interests. Where such separation results from any action initiated by a State Party, such as the detention, imprisonment, exile, deportation or death (including death arising from any cause while the person is in the custody of the State) of one or both parents or of the child, that State Party shall, upon request, provide the parents, the child or, if appropriate, another member of the family with the essential information concerning the whereabouts of the absent member(s) of the family unless the provision of the information would be detrimental to the well-being of the child. 2. Scientific and technical translation || Науково-технічний переклад Text 1. A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. A typical generator at a power plant uses an electromagnet—a magnet produced by electricity—not a traditional magnet. The generator has a series of insulated coils of wire that form a stationary cylinder. This cylinder surrounds a rotary electromagnetic shaft. When the electromagnetic shaft rotates, it induces a small electric voltage in each section of the wire coil. Each section of the wire becomes a small, separate electric conductor. The small voltage of individual sections are added together to form one large voltage. The load being connected to the windings terminals the current appears in the circuit. This current stipulates the electric power that is transmitted from the power company to the consumer. Text 2. An alternating current or voltage is defined as a current or voltage in which the direction changes periodically. In other words, the current flow is first in one direction in the circuit and then in the other, this reversal occurring at regular intervals. The frequency with which a complete change occurs may be 60 times a second (as in the case of electric power supplied to most residences), from 20 to 15,000 times per second (for voice and music waves in communication systems), or up to millions and billions of times per second (as in the case of the radio or TV signals that are used in communications and other signal purposes). In many of applications of alternating current the variation with time is smooth and regular, following the variation of the sine of a constantly varying angle. Text 3. An electric cell consists of two different metals, or carbon and a metal, called the poles, immersed or dipped into a liquid or some sort or a wet, conducting paste, known as the electrolyte, and, because of some chemical difference between the two poles and the electrolyte, there exists a small potential difference (typically of the order of one or two volts) between the poles. This potential difference is much smaller than the hundreds of thousands of volts that may be obtained in typical laboratory experiments in electrostatics, and the electric field between the poles is also correspondingly small. The potential difference across the poles of a cell when no current is being taken from it is called the electromotive force (EMF) of the cell. Text 4. Dynamics is that section of mechanics, which treats of the laws of motion of material bodies subjected to the action of forces. The motion of bodies from a purely geometrical point of view was discussed in kinematics. Unlike kinematics, in dynamics the motion of bodies is investigated in connection with the acting forces and the inertia of the material bodies themselves. The concept of force as a quantity characterizing the measure of mechanical interaction of material bodies is introduced in statics. But in statics we treated all forces as constant, without considering the possibility of their changing with time. In real systems, though, alongside of constant forces (gravity can generally be regarded as an example of a constant force) a body is often subjected to the action of variable forces whose magnitudes and directions change when the body moves. Text 5. Strength of materials is a branch of engineering that deals with the behavior of materials in response to applied forces. Strength-of-materials data are widely used in designing machinery, buildings, bridges, dams, and other structures. The parts of a bridge, for example, must be strong enough to withstand the various kinds of forces placed on the bridge by traffic, wind, and other agents. These applied forces are resisted by internal forces, called stresses, in the beams, columns, cables, and other parts of the bridge, and in the bolted, riveted, or welded joints between parts. As a result, the structural parts are deformed in various ways, including stretching, compressing, shearing, twisting, and bending. Such deformations, or changes of shape, are known as strains. Text 6. To be truly automatic, a machine tool must be capable of producing parts repetitively without operator assistance in loading parts, starting the machine, and unloading parts. In practice, however, some machine tools designated as automatic are actually semi-automatic since they require an operator to load the workpiece into the machine, press the start button, and unload the part when the operation is completed. The tooling for automatic machines is more complex than for hand-controlled machines and usually requires a skilled worker to make the setup. After the setup, however, a less skilled operator can operate one or more machines simultaneously. Tracer lathes and numerically controlled machine tools are examples of machines that use varying degrees of automatic and semi-automatic control. Text 7. When the point of application of a force moves, so that the force has a component along the displacement of its application point, the force is said to do work. If the force is assumed to be constant in magnitude and in direction and the displacement to be straight, then to determine the magnitude of the work one should multiply the component of the force along the displacement and the displacement; if this component is in the direction of the displacement, the work is regarded as positive; if opposite, the work is negative. The unit of work depends on the units used for force and distance. After the conversion of work into heat, or chemical energy into work or into electrical energy, the actual amount of energy is the same as before the change. 3. Business translation || Переклад ділового писемного мовлення Text 1. Dear Sirs: Further to our conversation with your Sales Manager during the Exhibition of electronic equipment at Olympia in London we shall be obliged if you send us your quotation for the Model R800 computer. Please let us know if you can supply us with three computers and quote your best prices. Delivery will be required within two months after we place the order. If you can guarantee prompt delivery and quote really competitive prices we shall be able to place an order with your company. We would also like to know when our specialists could be sent to your country to be trained as operators and programmers. We are looking forward to hearing from you soon and hope that our future relations will be of mutual benefit. Yours sincerely, ABC Text 2. The Supplier guarantees that the goods are in all respects in accordance with the description, technical conditions and specifications of the order, that they are free from defects in material, design and workmanship and they conform to the Supplier’s highest standards. Should the goods prove defective during the period of 12 months from the date of putting the machine, equipment or instruments into operation but not more than 18 months from the date of shipment, the Supplier undertakes to remedy the defects or to replace the faulty goods delivering them c.i.f. Baltic or Black Sea port at the Buyer’s option, free of charge, or to refund the value of the goods paid by the Buyer. Text 3. The goods may be insured against war and other risks upon special request of the Buyer and for the Buyer’s account. The Insurance Policy or Certificate is to be made out in the name of the Buyer or another person according to his instructions and is to be sent together with the other shipping documents. Should any circumstances arise which prevent the complete or partial fulfilment by any of the parties of their respective obligations under this Contract, namely: fire, ice conditions or any other acts of the elements, war, military operations of any character, blockade, prohibition of export or import or any other circumstances beyond the control of the parties, the time stipulated for the fulfilment of the obligations shall be extended for a period equal to that during which such circumstances last. Text 4. 1. The equipment is to be shipped in export packing corresponding to the nature of each particular type of the equipment. 2. The packing is to secure the full safety of the goods from any kind of damage and corrosion during its transportation. The goods are to be packed so as not to allow for their free movement inside the package when it changes its position. 3. The Seller shall be responsible to the Buyer for any damage to the goods owing to the improper packing. 4. Should separate parts of equipment exceed the overall Text 5. l. The Seller will take care of and bear all the expenses connected with obtaining the necessary licence for the exportation of the goods under the present Contract. Not later than the signing of the Contract the Seller is to advise the Buyer if the export licence is granted. 2. In case the Seller is unable to obtain the export licence or the export licence is revoked by the appropriate authorities of the Seller’s country before the end of deliveries or should its validity expire, the Buyer has the right to cancel the Contract wholly or partially. 3. Should the Contract be cancelled the rights and the obligations of the Parties are to be defined in conformity with Clause 4. Text 6. 5.1. The Supplier undertakes to protect the CzDA against all third-party actions for breach of copyright or other intellectual property rights, which might arise out of this Contract. 5.2. The Supplier declares that it is the rightful owner of the intellectual rights to all information supplied by virtue of this Contract and that it is entitled to sell or transfer those rights in accordance with the terms of this Contract. If intellectual rights are the property of third parties, the Supplier shall request those third parties to confirm to the CzDA, in writing and within four weeks following signature of the Contract, that the Supplier is indeed entitled to sell or dispose of those rights in accordance with the terms of this Contract. (CzDA is Czech Development Agency) Text 7. 10.1. Force majeure shall mean any unforeseeable and exceptional situation or event beyond the control of the Contracting parties that prevents either of them from performing any of their obligations under the Contract, was not due to error or negligence on the part of the CzDA or on the part of the Supplier, and could not have been avoided by the exercise of due diligence. Defects in equipment or material or delays in making it available, labour disputes, strikes or financial problems cannot be invoked as force majeure unless they stem directly from a relevant case of force majeure. 10.2. If either Contracting party is faced with force majeure, it shall notify the other party without delay by a registered letter with acknowledgment of receipt or equivalent, stating the nature, likely duration, and foreseeable effects. (CzDA is Czech Development Agency) З повагою ІЦ "KURSOVIKS"! |